Monday, June 25, 2012

How much would you give up to work from home? Survey says a lot

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Issa: No evidence of 'Fast and Furious' cover-up

Michael Reynolds / EPA file

Republican Rep. Darrel Issa, center, and Democratic Rep. Elijah Cummings rise after the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee approved a resolution holding Attorney General Eric Holder in contempt of Congress over the handover of documents related to the failed 'Fast and Furious' program, on Capitol Hill on June 20.

By Reuters

WASHINGTON -- The congressman heading an investigation into a botched gun-trafficking case said on Sunday he had no evidence the White House was involved in a cover-up about the operation or in providing misleading information to Congress.

However, Republican Rep. Darrell Issa said documents the White House was shielding under an executive privilege claim would shed more light on how much high-level officials knew about a misleading Feb. 4, 2011, letter to Congress denying that guns had been allowed to "walk" into the hands of Mexican drug cartels.


Backing the recommendation of the House oversight committee, Speaker John Boehner asked the Obama administration to turn over documents related to Attorney General Eric Holder's botched gun trafficking operation. NBC's Brian Williams reports.

Republicans, who control the House of Representatives, have suggested that some sort of a cover-up of information explained why it took until December 2011 for the Justice Department to formally withdraw the letter about the case, which was named "Operation Fast and Furious."

The House is set to vote this week on contempt of Congress charges against U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder, the top U.S. law enforcement official, for withholding access to some of those documents.

Speaking on "Fox News Sunday," Issa, the chairman of the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee, was asked whether he had evidence of a White House cover-up.

"No, we don't," Issa said.

"I hope they don't get involved," Issa said. "I hope this stays at Justice. And I hope that Justice cooperates, because ultimately, Justice lied to the American people on February 4th and didn't make it right for 10 months."

Congressional investigators say the documents will shed light on who in the Justice Department knew the letter was misleading and why it took so long to withdraw it.?

Democrats have accused Issa of going on a fishing expedition and note that the Justice Department has already turned over thousands of pages of documents relating to the botched operation, in which guns were allowed to be transported into Mexico.

Two of the weapons were later found at the scene of U.S. border patrol agent Brian Terry's murder in late 2010.

Terry's grieving family has demanded more information about who knew about the "Fast and Furious" operation.

Rep. Elijah Cummings, the top Democrat on the oversight committee, told "Fox News Sunday" that he too wants to satisfy the Terry family's need for information and said the dispute over documents could be worked out.

"It's just a matter of sitting down and talking it over. We can get those documents and get this matter resolved," Cummings said.

Asked if the House would seek to hold Holder in contempt if there was no deal over the documents, Issa said: "Yes, I believe they will, both Republicans and Democrats will vote that."

It could take months to enforce a contempt citation as both sides are likely to turn to the federal courts to resolve the dispute between the White House and Congress.

Issa suggested a deal could be worked out with administration officials, to cancel, or at least delay, next week's vote.

"If we get documents that ... cast some doubt or allow us to understand this, we'll at least delay contempt and continue the process," Issa said in an interview with ABC's "This Week" news show. "We only broke off negotiations when we got a flat refusal to give us information needed for our investigation."

House Republicans advanced the contempt resolution after negotiations with Holder broke down last week. Holder had offered to brief congressional investigators and provide access to some documents to satisfy a congressional subpoena. Issa rejected the offer.

Copyright 2011 Thomson Reuters. Click for restrictions.

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Shadows from the Past

Thieving was like riding a bike, in a lot of ways. Except the small part of thieving that was illegal. The mage academy was large and forboding, made even more so in the extreme shadow of twilight. Behind Tycho's mask, his eyes were alight and alive, his footsteps quick, as he made his way across the grounds, towards the little shack that the Gardener lived.

He was assuming.

'So, you have done this before, right?'

"Once or twice, yeah." He muttered, the cloth of the happy face mask pressing against his face. "Had a cooler mask, though."

'Just asking, because you look ridiculous.'

"Wha's that, bodiless spirit? I couldn' hear ya over th' fact that I have physical form."

'Physical forms are overrated. You have disease and injuries to worry about, not to mention the body odor. Speaking of, when is the last time that you had a bath?'

"Tuesday. Or somethin'. I don't know." He responded. His gaze was distracted, focused on the door of the garden house. Sidling up to the wall of the shack, Tycho dropped into an agile crouch, forming his body around the low-placed windows.

'Uh huh.'

"Hush. Trying to concentrate." Slipping around to the front door, Tycho was pleased to note the old fashioned, iron-wrought lock that sealed it shut. A slight tug had the door emit a soft and abrupt creaking noise, telling him that he couldn't monkey around with it. Withdrawing a thin metal rod from the inside of his cheek, Tycho snapped it in two and slipped both pieces into the keyhole, deft fingers working each piece of metal with precision.

'Who would have thought a drunkard could have decent dexterity.'

Tycho grinned around his tongue, which he was chewing on in concentration. "Tha's kinda th' point, ain't it?" He murmured, before the heavy lock released its hold with a faint click.

"And boom goes th' dynamite." He whispered into the night, letting the slickened metal pieces fall to the ground.

'As much as I approve of explosives, that may be overkill.'

"Says th' woman who made fire bear-hug a woman."

'I'm just a dead person. Don't look at me.'

"I can't. Yer incorporeal." With a sharp tug, the door slid open, revealing a darkened cabin.

'There see, that's settled then. Don't go blaming me for your spontaneous combustion problems.'

"If ya say so." Tycho muttered, getting a good look at the interior of the old man's home. The lights were all off, and all around the place there were instruments used in the common managing of grounds; large shears for grass, a rake, four different hammers of shapes and sizes, a multi-purpose screwdriver, and a chainsaw. Each of these were scattered over a variety of flat surfaces; the kitchen counter, a small table, and even in the sink, in the case of one of the hammers.

Tycho closed the door behind him, then moved further into the two-room shack, checking the bedroom for any sign of the old man. When he confirmed the clear coast, he allowed himself to relax slightly.

"Now," he said, smiling to himself. "where 'zactly would an ol' man keep actual valuables? Any ideas?"

'Don't ask me, you're the thief.'

"You're the one who suggested th' house o' pain." Tycho murmured, pressing a finger onto one of the sharp spikes of the rake. It was blunt and rusty. "Th' guy doesn't care much fer his tools, does he? How d'ya know this guy again?"

'Never mind that.'

"Fair enough," he muttered, his hand moving so the palm touched the spikes, resting directly over-

The hammer of the pistol bit deep into his palm, biting through skin and sending a shock to his nerves. He twisted, trying to escape the pain, his hand wiggling out of the cold metal hold, the blood that dripped from his hand like mucus from an unwiped nose making the transition easier, and the sudden explosion brought his eyes forward, eyebrows raised and wide to see-

Tycho threw himself backwards from the rake, stumbling into the kitchen table as he did so. Hip making contact with the wood, the chainsaw leaped upwards, falling to the floor with a clatter of metal and heavy plastic. Stumbling over the equipment, Tycho fell against the far wall, his right hand clutching his left desperately, pressing it against his chest.

'Jeeze. How much did you drink this morning?'

"Shut up." He snapped, rubbing his thumb over the spot.

'Yeah sure, that's one way to treat someone being concerned.'

Tycho growled lightly, raising his hand in the dim light to view the spot where the rake had touched. There was no pain anymore, no explanation for the sudden onslaught of images, but what he saw there shook him to his core.

A round, white scar, looking like an imprinted triangle on his palm.

'Hey, blockhead. Visitor incoming.'

Before he could contemplate that, there was a sudden turning of the doorknob, a protest of creaking hinges as the front door was flung open. Without hesitation, Tycho reached downward to grab the chainsaw, reflexes taking over.



Old man Jensing was a calm and happy fellow, and today was one of those days that left a happy and tingly feeling inside of his brittle bones. Good news was few and far between for the old fellow, what with the disease that was slowly eating at his body and dulling his mind. That morning had brought the usual aches and pains and dosage of medicinal herbs that the healers had sworn up and down would ease his pain. He didn't know about that. They only really succeeded in giving his bowels something to whine about, and they tasted like blackberries.

But the morning had also brought six letters from each of his six wonderful grandchildren, wishing him a happy birthday. Each of the letters had a card inside, loving hand-drawn, though the skill had ranged with the child's age. Little Lucy had drawn him with his rake, waving hello on top of a hill of roses, while Jeff, the true artist of the kids, had put his efforts into making a truly inspiring card that had wished him many days of well wishes. Each of the six cards were accompanied with apologies for not being able to see the man on the day he turned eighty three.

Jensing didn't mind. They had plenty to occupy their time then comforting a sick old man, and he wouldn't have it any other way. All of them had answered the phone when he had called after his work was done, and he had listened to them excitedly recount their day, shared in them the joys of youth and childhood. The six conversations were always followed by a brief talk with his kids.

"I have a gift for you, dad." Stewart, his youngest, had said into the phone.

"You've given me plenty enough, Stu. This was wonderful."

"All the same, Dad. You're way over the hill now. So I was thinking that maybe it's time to get you someone to help you. May and I worry about you being up there all alone, in that shack."

"Oh, hogwash. I'm fine."

"I know, Dad. But, see... We found this dog."

Jensing's heart skipped a beat, remembering all the times he had wished he had a four legged companion to help him drift off at night. His son continued chatting, making sure to talk loud and slow - Jensing's ears weren't what they used to be.

"Normally, May and I would keep hold of him, but he doesn't like all the noise. So I was thinking, if I brought him tomorrow, he could stay with you a while?"

Jensing's smile was so big and wide, he could've sworn his Marjorie could've seen it from in her grave. "Think that'd be fine," he said, voice gruff.

"Awesome. See you tomorrow."

The day improved even more, with his boss telling him to take the rest of the day off, go home, and get some sleep. "Dogs are energetic, Jensing. You'll need your rest."

As Jensing crossed the lawn to go into his house, all he could think about doing was curling up with a mug of tea, taking his herbs, and drifting off in his arm chair. He couldn't wait for the morning, when he'd be able to have a companion and see his son and repeat the amazing day he'd just lived out. Whistling softly, he didn't even notice the already unlocked door as he opened it wide.

To see a man in a large, yellow, happy face mask, wielding a chainsaw.

Old man Jensing's heart exploded.



When the bag of bones collapsed, Tycho panicked.

"Shit. Oh shit. Why is he home so early!?" Tycho yelled, dropping the chainsaw in his rush to get to the old man's side. "You said he worked!"

'Well what kind of idiot listens to me? I'm just a voice in your head, what do I know.'

"Shit. Shit, shit, shit." Tycho knelt beside the man, pressing two fingers to the side of his throat. "Oh, goddamn it. He's dead. He's fucking dead."

'Heh. About time the old fuck croaked.'

Tycho stood suddenly, gripping the old man's arms and dragging him further into the house, being sure to close the door behind them so a passerby couldn't see in. After a moment's hesitance, he dragged the man further into the cabin, going for his bedroom. He pulled the old man up and dumped him on the bed, yanking the covers out from under him and haphazardly throwing them over him. He stood there for a moment, staring down at the prone form.

"Well, we'd better make this worth it." he muttered, before heading over to the dresser in the corner of the room and opening it, pawing through underwear and socks. "Where are th' goods."

'... Seriously? You're going to rob the dead guy? Way to go, I didn't know you had it in you.'

"Thought you'd approve." He muttered, slamming the drawer shut. "He ain' got anythin'. Fat load o' good you did me, here. Thanks a billion."

'Again. How is this my fault? I'm just a voice in your head. You know there's a reason people aren't supposed to listen to those.'

"Yer a voice that shoots fire. Fire tha' tackles people ya don' like." Tycho paused at the man's bedside table, throwing open the drawer there. Inside, was a stack of papers and a pen -

My dearest Jessica.

'You had more reason to hate that psycho bitch than me. Why are we putting this on me again? Uh... Tycho?'

Tycho blinked. "Hm? Wha'?"

'Seriously, how much did you drink?'

Tycho rubbed at his eye, irritated. "Yer seriously askin' me about drinkin' habits when there's a dead guy not two feet away." He growled. He turned back around, then whipped around again in a full circle, lost and desperate.

'Oh come on, the guy was like ninety, you probably did him a favor.'

"Did him a favour, or did you a favour?" He queried. "Yeh seemed ta not be a fan of our dear old gardener."

'Uh huh. So I had you come rob him on the chance he would walk in and have a heart attack upon seeing your face? While admittedly, the latter part isn?t' too far fetched, I think you?re getting a little paranoid don't you think?'

"Paranoid." He muttered, putting his fists on his hips.

"Lets see. I'm havin' random flashes of a woman fallin' off of a cliff, I developed a scar from touchin' a blunt rake, an' theres a voice tha's inside m'head. Tha' can apparently make fire ride people like a cowboy. If there's anyone in th' world tha' deserves ta be paranoid, it's me."

'Hey, to be fair, I was here first.'

Tycho scrubbed his eyes again with the palms of his hands. "Yeah." he muttered.

"Yeah, you were. Weren' ya." His voice was contemplative, heavy with thought. "You were here 'fore any o' this started."

'Hey now, don't you go blaming any of this on me.

"Is there a better reason ya can give me?" Tycho asked the empty room. Well, almost empty. Discluding corpses.

'Uh... I'm a figment of your imagination, caused by excessive drinking and merely serve as a way to blame your shit hole of a life on someone else?'

Tycho waved his hand. "We've covered tha' theory aroun' th' time ya started shootin' fire at people, m'dear." He moved back towards the kitchen, opening each cupboard in turn, looking for anything to snag. In the third one he opened, there sat a single ornate glass bowl, with a small wedding band sitting at the bottom of the glass.

Tycho's movements slowed at the site of it. It was gold, shimmering in the dim light, and it felt heavy against his fingertips as he lifted it with the caring of a man who was seeing far more than a small gold ring.

Do you, Jessica, take Sherriff Darsin to be your lawfully wedded husband?

I do.

'And I thought we already covered the matter of your premature eruption issues not being my fault. Tycho? Fuck all, do you have any idea how not fun it is to insult you when you're not even paying attention?'

Tycho blinked again, shaking his head rapidly. "Fuck. What is happening to me," he grumbled, shoving the ring inside the pocket of his coat. "If it ain't fun, stop doin' it."

'Ugh, just hurry up would you.'

"There ain't anythin' here." he growled. "Yeh jus' sent me on a massive waste of time. Next time, I decide who we steal from."

He began making his way towards the door.

'Hey at least my decision didn't end up with a psycho bitch trying to knife you.'

"It also didn' end with us gettin' any money." He snarked, the ring feeling heavy in his pocket as he made his way into the night, slamming the shack door behind him.

'Neither did psycho bitch.'

"Least I got somethin'. Does it get lonely bein' a ghost?"

'Putting out the bedsheets and then passing out in a drunken stupor doesn't really count as getting squat you know.'

A pause.

Then, "Well, thank God for tha'."

'Probably would have walked away with gonorrhea or something.'

"Yer knowledge o' these diseases is tellin', m'dear." He strode across the lawn, headed back in the direction of the city, the gold ring weighing heavily in his pocket.

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Friday, June 22, 2012

Judith Wallerstein Death: Read Her Top 10 ... - Huffington Post

We were deeply saddened to hear about the death of Judith Wallerstein, a psychologist renowned for her analysis of the long-term effects of divorce on children.

According to the New York Times, Wallerstein, who died this week at age 90, published 60 to 70 articles in psychology and law journals, and authored five books, including "Surviving The Breakup: How Children And Parents Cope With Divorce."

Some of our favorite Wallerstein work can be found on this very site, where the researcher contributed a number of thoughtful, much-discussed blog posts. In fact, Wallerstein was right there with us when we launched HuffPost Divorce in November 2010, writing blogs that melded her groundbreaking research with practical, easy-to-digest advice.

To honor Wallerstein and her work, we've collected 10 of her best blogs for HuffPost Divorce. Click through for excerpts and links to the original pieces.

  • In her <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/judith-wallerstein/how-about-divorce-get-it-_b_777564.html" target="_hplink">debut blog</a> for the Huffington Post, Wallerstein instructed parents on how to broach the subject of divorce with their children.

  • In this blog post, Wallerstein wrote about the <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/judith-wallerstein/our-folks-are-divorcing-w_b_820530.html" target="_hplink">impact parents' divorce</a> could have on their children's romantic lives.

  • Wallerstein addressed how divorce plays out when only <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/judith-wallerstein/who-smiles-and-who-cries-_b_886575.html" target="_hplink">one partner wants to exit the marriage</a>.

  • <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/judith-wallerstein/parenting-after-divorce_b_1468608.html" target="_hplink">In this blog,</a> the divorce expert showed readers how to navigate parenthood after a split.

  • When the <em>New York Times</em> reported that <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2010/12/19/why-remarry/the-higher-risks-of-cohabitation" target="_hplink">two out of three second marriages fail</a>, Wallerstein weighed in with <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/judith-wallerstein/what-goes-wrong-with-seco_b_804425.html" target="_hplink">this insightful blog</a>.

  • In <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/judith-wallerstein/what-goes-wrong-with-seco_b_804425.html" target="_hplink">this blog post</a>, Wallerstein considered how sibling relationships change when parents divorce.

  • The expert revealed her <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/judith-wallerstein/advice-books-for-divorcin_b_848878.html#s264193&title=Moms_House_Dads" target="_hplink">top seven advice books</a> for parents going through a divorce.

  • In this blog post, Wallerstein <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/judith-wallerstein/avoiding-marital-boredom_b_970524.html" target="_hplink">offered ways to salvage a marriage</a> that seems all but fated for divorce.

  • Wallerstein often wrote about the challenges particular to children of divorce, like in <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/judith-wallerstein/what-children-of-divorce-_b_1132953.html" target="_hplink">this blog</a> on how children learn to adapt to their parent's separation.

  • Wallerstein wrote this <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/judith-wallerstein/parenting-after-divorce-w_b_787115.html" target="_hplink">blog post</a> on how the demands of parenting change after divorce.

Related on HuffPost:

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Thursday, June 21, 2012

Pandigital Portable Wand Scanner with Feeder Dock (PanScn09)


The Pandigital Portable Wand Scanner with Feeder Dock (PanScn09) ($119.99 direct) is, well, a little different. Like the Xerox DocuMate 3115 ($399.99 direct, 4 stars) and the Visioneer Strobe 500 ($399.99 direct, 4 stars), which are both Editors' Choices, the Pandigital scanner comes with a dock. But instead of adding an automatic document feeder to a manual-feed scanner, the dock in this case adds a manual feed to a wand scanner (a scanner you roll across the page by hand). The result is highly portable either way? with or without the dock? and a potentially attractive choice, though with some limitations.

Like other Pandigital portable scanners I've reviewed, including, for example, the Pandigital Personal Photo Scanner/Converter PanScn06 ($149.99 direct, 3 stars), the PanScn09 enhances its portability by eliminating the need for a computer for scanning. Instead, it scans to a microSD card, and it comes with a 2-GB card to scan to. You can move the files to your computer later either with the supplied microSD adaptor, which plugs into an SD card slot, or by leaving the card in the scanner, connecting to your computer with the supplied USB cable, and then copying the files.

Not needing a computer means you can carry just the scanner, which weighs about 12 ounces. Even with the dock and power block, the weight is still only 1.8 pounds.

One particularly nice touch is that, unlike most scanners that don't need a computer, the PanScn09 includes a 1.8-inch color display to let you see your scans immediately, while you still have the originals at hand. The display isn't big enough to let you see details, like whether text is crisp and readable, but it will let you see if you got the entire original or just part of it. In most cases, that's enough to let you know if you need to rescan.

Setup and Power
Setting up the scanner involves little more than plugging in the microSD card. In addition, you can optionally install the one application program the scanner comes with: NewSoft Presto! PageManager, a document management program. The program is limited in many ways, but it includes an OCR module that will let you convert scanned documents to editable text or searchable PDF files.

One of the big disappointments for the scanner is how it gets it power. Ideally, both the dock and scanner should be able to run on battery power, the batteries should be rechargeable, and the scanner should be able to recharge its batteries from the dock. The reality is much different.

The scanner runs off batteries, and the manual suggests using rechargeable batteries, but you have to buy them separately. The dock runs strictly off of AC power. And if you get rechargeable batteries for the scanner, you'll have to take them out to charge them in an external charger. None of this counts as a major strike against the scanner, but it does make it a little less useful, than it could be. You can't use the dock, for example, if there's no power socket handy.

Scanning and Results
Scanning with the PanScn09 is simple enough. When you're using it as a wand scanner, you press a button, and then scan across the page. When you snap it into the dock to use as a manual-feed scanner, you feed the page far enough for the rollers to grab on to it, and then let go of the page to let it feed.

I found scanning by hand easy enough to get it right from the first try. Manually feeding the paper is tricky, however. There's so little extra width beyond the 8.5-inch page width that if you're at even the slightest angle, the edge of the paper will get wrinkled by the edge of the dock. It's not hard to get it right, but you have to pay attention to what you're doing, and you have to use both hands. I timed the actual scans with the manual feed at 4 to 9 seconds per page, depending on the settings, but you'll spend at least as much time on feeding each piece of paper.

Whether you're using the PanScn09 as a wand scanner or a manual feed scanner, you can set the resolution to 300 or 600 pixels per inch (ppi), and you can set the file format to JPG or image PDF. If you choose PDF, however, you lose the ability to see the scan on the display, which means it's generally smartest to stay with JPG format.

Given the software the scanner comes with, the only two scan applications I could evaluate it for were optical character recognition (OCR) and document management. It didn't score very well on either.

More precisely, for OCR, the combination of the scan quality and PageManager did well enough at the narrow task of recognizing text, reading both our Times New Roman and Arial test pages at sizes as small as 6 points without a mistake. However, the formatting wasn't even close to the original, and PageManager doesn't let you save multiple pages into a single file. Similarly, the scanner lost points for document management because of PageManager's limitations for converting files to searchable PDF format.

Despite the lack of any photo editing software, I scanned some photos to get a sense of the scan quality. Some came out at roughly snapshot quality, but most were oversaturated to the point of memory colors, like the green in grass, being outside of the range of realistic color. That makes the scans good enough to show what a photo looks like, but not suitable for anything more than that.

Ultimately, the Pandigital Portable Wand Scanner with Feeder Dock (PanScn09) is a potentially useful tool for document scanning. However, all the good points are on the hardware side of the package, with the software?or lack of software?dragging the overall score down. Quite simply, you can't make best use of this scanner with the software it comes with. If you already have the programs you need, it can be an attractive choice. But if you have to buy the programs separately, be sure to consider how much they'll add to the price of the scanner itself.

More Scanner Reviews:

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Noisy environments make young songbirds shuffle their tunes: Baby songbirds shape their species' playlist

ScienceDaily (June 19, 2012) ? iPod owners aren't the only ones who frequently shuffle their favorite tunes. Baby songbirds do it, too, a new study shows.

A baby songbird prefers to learn the clearest versions of songs he hears and uses them to build his personal playlist for life. As a result, noise, from nature and humans, influences which songs a bird learns to sing and can create lasting changes to his species' top tunes, the study's results suggest.

"There's been an enormous amount of interest in how anthropogenic factors affect the channels animals use for communication and in particular how human noise affects birdsong," said Duke biologist and study co-author Steve Nowicki. "As far as we know, this is the first study that can link noise to cultural evolution of bird song."

The team designed the study to test a 30-year-old hypothesis suggesting that young birds memorize and later sing the clearest songs they hear during their critical learning period. In the experiment, Nowicki and his collaborators collected nine male, swamp-sparrow nestlings and hand-raised them in a soundproof room.

Twice a day for 12 weeks, the birds heard recordings of 16 song types sung by adult males of their species. Eight song types were degraded, or noisy, by being broadcast across a typical sparrow territory of 25 meters and then re-recorded. The other eight were clean copies of similar-sounding, but different songs. When the birds later matured and began to sing, they only repeated the clear songs.

"It wasn't too surprising that the sparrows preferred them," said Duke behavioral ecologist Susan Peters, lead author of the study. "What is exciting is how clear-cut the results are. All of the birds learned clear songs and none learned any of the degraded songs," she said.

The results appeared online June 20 in the journal Biology Letters.

This "simple" but "elegant" experiment "says a great deal about how birds put to use their extraordinary ability to hear small-time differences," said Eugene Morton, a biologist at York University in Canada who was not involved in the study.

The birds use this ability to learn songs that transmit through their habitat with the least amount of degradation. "In this way, the birds themselves reject songs less well suited to their environment," an example of cultural selection, Morton said.

Scientists consider the song shifts to be selected culturally, rather than naturally, because the songs are learned, not innate.

"This is important because cultural selection can happen more rapidly than natural selection,??? Peters said. ???It helps to explain why birdsong is so diverse," and shows evidence that song variation depends on the bird???s habitat.

She added that noise from cities and humans would have the same effect on song selection. "We already knew that some birds can adjust some features of their song when confronted with anthropogenic noise, and now we know that this may have an impact on cultural transmission of their song," she said.

If naturally noisy songs are less desirable to learn, then songs shaped by human noise are probably less likely to be passed down and learned generation after generation. "Who would have thought that a swamp sparrow song might be affected by human activity?" Peters said.

Peters and Nowicki worked on the NSF-funded study with Elizabeth Derryberry, a behavioral ecologist at Tulane University and Louisiana State University.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Duke University. The original article was written by Ashley Yeager.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. S. Peters, E. P. Derryberry, S. Nowicki. Songbirds learn songs least degraded by environmental transmission. Biology Letters, 2012; DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2012.0446

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

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Microsoft Surface Tablet: What Would Steve Jobs Think?

Microsoft has always been known as a software company, but that perception changed on Monday when the company unveiled its first-ever tablet in Los Angeles. Even though Apple popularized the tablet genre with the iPad, Microsoft's "Surface" tablet will directly compete with the bestselling tablet, as it is slightly thinner, features a bigger screen, and it can also do several things the iPad can't do, such as type well or sit up straight.

"From touch to type, office to living room, from your screen to the big screen, you can see more, share more, and do more with Surface," Microsoft proclaims?on its website. "Create, collaborate and get stuff done with Office. Explore your world with fast, fluid Windows 8 apps. Discover new music, movies, and games in the Windows Store."

Many of the Surface's specs are still largely unknown, but based off first impressions, analysts and experts say Microsoft's first tablet could give the iPad a run for its money. After all, the Surface has many things the iPad doesn't -- a full physical keyboard, a thinner form factor, a kickstand for better viewing and typing angles and interplay with the Xbox 360 ecosystem, to name a few. But while most have had a positive reaction to Surface, it would have been interesting to hear what Apple's late founder Steve Jobs had to say.

For years, Jobs fought an ideological battle with Microsoft's co-founder Bill Gates over which system was better: Open, or closed. Gates believed an open platform was better for the masses and for the pocketbook; Jobs believed in creating great ecosystems around "the entire solution," so his team would not only build the software, but the hardware in which it was housed. Jobs believed that form and function should be closely tied together, and that could only be accomplished by with a closed system that's been designed from end-to-end by one team.

"Each one thought he was smarter than the other one, but Steve generally treated Bill as someone who was slightly inferior, especially in matters of taste and style," said former Apple engineer Andy Hertzfeld, now a Google employee, in an interview with Walter Isaacson. "Bill looked down on Steve because he couldn't actually program."

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In the mid-1980s, Jobs' Macintosh was handily beating Microsoft in computers, Gates badly wanted to put his software on the Mac, but Jobs refused to license the computer. Years later, the tables would turn once Jobs was ousted and Apple continued to release shoddy computers at high prices. Windows became the dominant platform, since PCs made by third-parties were considerably cheaper than Apple's products.

Roles were again reversed in the late 90s and early 2000s, when Jobs brought Apple back to prominence with the introduction of the iMac and the iPod. Then, of course, came the iPhone, and now the iPad. Microsoft has seen its grip on the operating system market loosen as Apple continues releasing one insanely great product after another, and that's why Microsoft decided to do something unorthodox to get itself back in the game. It would build the software and hardware for a tablet.

If Steve Jobs were alive today to enjoy Microsoft's announcement, he would definitely experience some mixed feelings. On one hand, his major rival had decided to adopt his values of a "closed system" over an open one. On the other hand, Jobs would be slightly perturbed by Microsoft's entrance into the tablet race, mainly because the iPad idea was so close to his heart.

Others have attempted to make their own tablets, such as Google, Samsung, Barnes & Noble and Amazon, but Microsoft is a completely different animal altogether. Microsoft has never been about copying Apple -- save for the graphical user interface used for Windows -- but it certainly has been about taking what Apple has built and improving upon it. Most other companies don't think this way -- they see Apple as a guiding light, not a foundation to improve upon -- but Microsoft does.

Jobs would have a conniption if he saw Microsoft Surface, mainly because it does the things the iPad can't do, and it does them very well. For starters, the viewing and typing angles on the Surface are significantly better compared to the iPad, thanks to the integrated kickstand that disappears into the device when you don't need it. The full keyboard and trackpad is extremely helpful for those situations where you have a lot to type but you only brought your tablet with you. It works with Xbox "SmartGlass." It actually looks different. The list goes on.

Jobs would still berate Microsoft for its shortcomings. Even though the Surface is bigger than the iPad, it is a bit heavier at 1.5 pounds. The Surface also boasts a ClearType 1080p "Full HD" display, but from a resolution perspective, we have no idea how it stacks up to the iPad's 2048 x 1536 Retina Display. It might be safe to assume that it simply doesn't. Jobs may have also knocked the Surface for coming in too many options: Microsoft's tablet is available in four colors, two kinds of keyboards (the Touch Cover?and the?Type Cover), and two storage sizes (64 GB or 126 GB). This means that there are about 16 combinations of Microsoft Surface one can buy, which Jobs might argue is too many.

Not only that, the availability of the Microsoft Surface is very fractured. Microsoft said it would make the Windows RT version of the tablet available at the same time as the Windows 8 launch -- expected in October -- while the "Pro" model with Windows 8 would ship about 90 days later. This is a stark contrast from what Apple loves to do: Unveil a great product, and release it soon. Microsoft's move to scatter the release dates will surely hurt sales and hype for the product.

While Jobs would hate -- absolutely hate -- a Microsoft tablet, I'm sure he'd prefer anything coming from Gates over Android any day of the week. There's not much to hate about the Surface, especially since it's not a direct copycat of the iPad, but a true rival in design and architecture. Even though Jobs never wanted Apple to ask itself, "What would Steve do?", Tim Cook and Apple likely already know what they need to do. They will use the Surface to fuel their fire, and they won't stop developing a better tablet until the Microsoft Surface is just a kickstand.

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US upbeat on debt crisis talks

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Wednesday, June 20, 2012

Israel says raid kills Gazan behind Egypt border attack

Israeli air strikes on Wednesday killed a Gaza teenager and a militant who the army said was a "global jihad" operative behind a deadly ambush on Israel's border with Egypt.

The two deaths raised to eight the number of Palestinians killed in three days of bloodshed in and around Gaza, while militants have fired scores of rockets at the Jewish state, one of which scored a direct hit on a border police outpost, wounding four.

On Wednesday evening, two Palestinian youths were wounded in an airstrike on a Hamas training site in northern Gaza. A second attack at another Hamas training camp in Nuseirat in the centre of the territory left no casualties.

The Israeli military said its aircraft "targeted two terror sites in the northern Gaza Strip. Direct hits were confirmed."

"The targeting is in response to over 75 rockets that were fired at Israel during the past three days," it said.

An earlier strike hit a farm in the Zeitun neighbourhood, just east of Gaza City, killing 14-year-old Moamen al-Adam and seriously wounding his father, medics said. Another two people were also wounded.

An Israeli military spokeswoman told AFP that "during the day, rockets were fired at Israel from a populated civilian area in the northern Gaza Strip."

"This afternoon Israeli army aircraft targeted a rocket launching squad in this area," she said.

Earlier on Wednesday, a missile strike on a motorcycle in the southern border city of Rafah killed 21-year-old Ghaleb Ermilat, whom locals said was a militant of the Islamist movement Hamas which rules the territory.

The Israeli military said he was a "global jihad operative" who was behind a deadly ambush along the Israeli-Egyptian border on Monday morning that killed an Israeli civilian and sparked a firefight in which two of the gunmen were killed.

A third is believed to have fled back to Sinai.

The army said that besides Ermilat, another "global jihad terror operative" involved in Monday's ambush was seriously wounded in the raid, naming him as Mohammed Rashdan, a Rafah resident born in 1984.

It said Ermilat and Rashdan were members of Tawhid wal Jihad, a "global jihad terror movement, that is responsible for ongoing terror attacks against Israeli civilians and soldiers."

"Rashdan's terror activities included weapon transfers, supplying explosive devices to terror operatives, firing rockets at Israel, sniper and mortar fire, and smuggling terror operatives to and from Gaza," the army said in a statement.

Ermilat and Rashdan had planned the ambush and were "actively involved in planning another attack," it said.

On Tuesday, a previously unknown Islamist group claimed responsibility for the ambush in a video carried by a US-based monitoring service, SITE Intelligence.

Made by the "Mujahedeen Shura Council in the Environs of Jerusalem," the clip showed two gunmen standing in front of Al-Qaeda's black flag saying they were poised to carry out an attack against Israel.

One claimed to be from Egypt, while the other said he was from Saudi Arabia.

Meanwhile, there was no let-up in the violence around Gaza on Wednesday, with at 39 rockets and mortars hitting the Jewish state, causing damage to several buildings.

A police spokeswoman told AFP that eight people were being treated for shock.

Overnight, the air force carried out seven raids, with Palestinian security sources saying they had hit a training centre used by Hamas militants and several naval police outposts.

In total, 45 rockets hit Israel on Tuesday, with one scoring a direct hit on an Israeli border police outpost north of Gaza.

All 45 rockets were claimed by the Ezzedine al-Qassam Brigades, the armed wing of Hamas, in a rare show of force. Previously, the group had been observing a de facto truce on rocket attacks.

As the violence rumbled on, a senior Gaza official told AFP that Egypt was in contact with Israel and the militant groups in a bid to restore calm.

"The Palestinian factions are ready to return to the calm as long as Israel stops its attacks," he said, speaking on condition of anonymity.

Giora Eiland, Israel's former national security adviser, said he believed Hamas would "find a way to calm things down ... in the next two or three days after proving to the other factions that it is capable of acting against Israel."

"Neither Hamas nor Israel has any interest in provoking an escalation in the short term," he told public radio.

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Tuesday, June 19, 2012

Obama: China, Russia not signed on for Assad's removal

US News

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Obama: China, Russia not signed on for Assad's removal

Reuters | June 19, 2012 | 09:13 PM EDT

LOS CABOS, Mexico/BEIRUT (Reuters) - Russia and China have not agreed to any plan for the removal of President Bashar al-Assad from power but do recognize the danger of an all-out civil war in Syria, U.S. President Barack Obama said on Tuesday as Assad's forces bombarded the city of Homs and clashed with rebels.

International efforts to halt the violence are deadlocked because Russia and China, which wield vetoes in the U.N. Security Council, have blocked tougher action against Assad. They say the solution must come through political dialogue, an approach most of the Syrian opposition rejects.

British Prime Minister David Cameron said Putin had shifted his view of Assad during talks with Obama and other world leaders at the Group of 20 summit in Los Cabos, Mexico, and that discussions were now focused on a transition of power in Syria.

But Putin immediately seemed to contradict that notion, telling reporters at the end of the summit: "We believe that nobody has the right to decide for other nations who should be brought to power, who should be removed from power."

Russia has been the staunchest backer of Assad and his military crackdown against militants and protesters in Syria, including supplying arms to the Syrian government.

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Asymptomatic rhinovirus infection outnumbers symptomatic infection 4 to 1 among university students

Asymptomatic rhinovirus infection outnumbers symptomatic infection 4 to 1 among university students [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 19-Jun-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Jim Sliwa
jsliwa@asmusa.org
202-942-9297
American Society for Microbiology

The common cold virus may be more common than previously thought in university students not reporting any symptoms. Rhinovirus, the virus responsible for the common cold was found at some point during an 8-week study period in an estimated 60% of university students that were asymptomatic. Researchers from Canada report their findings at the 2012 General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology.

A high occurrence of asymptomatic infections indicates that university students can spread infections to classmates, or individuals in the community without knowing they are infected, says Andrea Granados of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, a researcher on the study. The study was conducted at McMaster University and St. Josephs Healthcare in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada as part of the McFlu2 COLD3 clinical trial by Granados and colleagues Emma Goodall, Marek Smieja and James Mahony.

Rhinovirus, best known for causing the common cold can also cause bronchitis and trigger asthma attacks.

Granados and her colleagues recruited 545 McMaster University undergraduates over two years (September-October 2010, and September-October 2011) when cold activity usually peaks and asked them to collect a nasal swab once weekly regardless of symptom occurrence. If cold-like symptoms were reported by the students, they were asked to provide daily nasal swabs for a period of seven days. One hundred and sixty-seven cold-like illnesses were reported over two years. Using DNA-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) they detected rhinovirus in 54% of students reporting symptoms.

To determine how many students had rhinovirus but did not have any cold-like symptoms they selected a 10% sampling of all nasal swabs collected during the 8 study weeks each year from students that did not report feeling sick. Twenty-five swabs were randomly selected each week for a total of 400 swabs (200 in 2010 and 200 in 2011). Of the 400 swabs, 33 (8.25%) were found to have rhinovirus.

Based on these findings, the researchers estimate that as many as 60.5% of the asymptomatic student population was infected at some time with rhinovirus over an eight week study period.

They also used PCR to determine the viral load in symptomatic and asymptomatic students. Students with asymptomatic rhinovirus infections had significantly less virus than symptomatic infections. Decreased amounts of the virus may be responsible for the lack of symptoms, says Granados, however, larger studies are necessary to confirm this finding.

In this study, we found that university students with rhinovirus infections who lacked symptoms outnumbered by a factor of 4 the number of infected students with symptoms. The virus particles can be spread by aerosols or direct contact with an asymptomatic individual. There is no treatment for the common cold; therefore, frequent hand-washing is important to prevent the spread of the common cold particularly in early fall, says Granados.

###

This research was presented as part of the 2012 General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology held June 16-19, 2012 in San Francisco, California. A full press kit for the meeting, including tipsheets and additional press releases, can be found online at http://bit.ly/asm2012pk.

The American Society for Microbiology is the largest single life science society, composed of over 39,000 scientists and health professionals. ASM's mission is to advance the microbiological sciences as a vehicle for understanding life processes and to apply and communicate this knowledge for the improvement of health and environmental and economic well-being worldwide.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Asymptomatic rhinovirus infection outnumbers symptomatic infection 4 to 1 among university students [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 19-Jun-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Jim Sliwa
jsliwa@asmusa.org
202-942-9297
American Society for Microbiology

The common cold virus may be more common than previously thought in university students not reporting any symptoms. Rhinovirus, the virus responsible for the common cold was found at some point during an 8-week study period in an estimated 60% of university students that were asymptomatic. Researchers from Canada report their findings at the 2012 General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology.

A high occurrence of asymptomatic infections indicates that university students can spread infections to classmates, or individuals in the community without knowing they are infected, says Andrea Granados of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, a researcher on the study. The study was conducted at McMaster University and St. Josephs Healthcare in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada as part of the McFlu2 COLD3 clinical trial by Granados and colleagues Emma Goodall, Marek Smieja and James Mahony.

Rhinovirus, best known for causing the common cold can also cause bronchitis and trigger asthma attacks.

Granados and her colleagues recruited 545 McMaster University undergraduates over two years (September-October 2010, and September-October 2011) when cold activity usually peaks and asked them to collect a nasal swab once weekly regardless of symptom occurrence. If cold-like symptoms were reported by the students, they were asked to provide daily nasal swabs for a period of seven days. One hundred and sixty-seven cold-like illnesses were reported over two years. Using DNA-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) they detected rhinovirus in 54% of students reporting symptoms.

To determine how many students had rhinovirus but did not have any cold-like symptoms they selected a 10% sampling of all nasal swabs collected during the 8 study weeks each year from students that did not report feeling sick. Twenty-five swabs were randomly selected each week for a total of 400 swabs (200 in 2010 and 200 in 2011). Of the 400 swabs, 33 (8.25%) were found to have rhinovirus.

Based on these findings, the researchers estimate that as many as 60.5% of the asymptomatic student population was infected at some time with rhinovirus over an eight week study period.

They also used PCR to determine the viral load in symptomatic and asymptomatic students. Students with asymptomatic rhinovirus infections had significantly less virus than symptomatic infections. Decreased amounts of the virus may be responsible for the lack of symptoms, says Granados, however, larger studies are necessary to confirm this finding.

In this study, we found that university students with rhinovirus infections who lacked symptoms outnumbered by a factor of 4 the number of infected students with symptoms. The virus particles can be spread by aerosols or direct contact with an asymptomatic individual. There is no treatment for the common cold; therefore, frequent hand-washing is important to prevent the spread of the common cold particularly in early fall, says Granados.

###

This research was presented as part of the 2012 General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology held June 16-19, 2012 in San Francisco, California. A full press kit for the meeting, including tipsheets and additional press releases, can be found online at http://bit.ly/asm2012pk.

The American Society for Microbiology is the largest single life science society, composed of over 39,000 scientists and health professionals. ASM's mission is to advance the microbiological sciences as a vehicle for understanding life processes and to apply and communicate this knowledge for the improvement of health and environmental and economic well-being worldwide.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


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Monday, June 18, 2012

Skyping in Ethiopia Could Result in Stiff Jail Term

Ethiopia has passed a draconian new law criminalizing the use of Voice over Internet Protocol services such as Skype or Google Talk. People who violate the ban will find themselves facing 10-to-15 years in prison. The government has cited national security as a reason.


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Israeli soldier on 'solidarity' hunger strike: report

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Obama chooses Massachusetts Sen. John Kerry to play role of Romney during debate preparations (Star Tribune)

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Sunday, June 17, 2012

ScienceDaily: Biochemistry News

ScienceDaily: Biochemistry Newshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/biochemistry/ Read the latest research in biochemistry -- protein structure and function, RNA and DNA, enzymes and biosynthesis and more biochemistry news.en-usSun, 17 Jun 2012 04:05:01 EDTSun, 17 Jun 2012 04:05:01 EDT60ScienceDaily: Biochemistry Newshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/images/logosmall.gifhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/biochemistry/ For more science articles, visit ScienceDaily.Ionic liquid improves speed and efficiency of hydrogen-producing catalysthttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120616145535.htm The design of a nature-inspired material that can make energy-storing hydrogen gas has gone holistic. Usually, tweaking the design of this particular catalyst -- a work in progress for cheaper, better fuel cells -- results in either faster or more energy efficient production but not both. Now, researchers have found a condition that creates hydrogen faster without a loss in efficiency.Sat, 16 Jun 2012 14:55:55 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120616145535.htmNanoparticles hold promise to improve blood cancer treatmenthttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120615204741.htm Researchers have engineered nanoparticles that show great promise for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), an incurable cancer of the plasma cells in bone marrow.Fri, 15 Jun 2012 20:47:47 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120615204741.htmImproving high-tech medical scannershttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120613153331.htm A powerful color-based imaging technique is making the jump from remote sensing to the operating room. Scientists are working to ensure it performs as well when spotting cancer cells in the body as it does with oil spills in the ocean.Wed, 13 Jun 2012 15:33:33 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120613153331.htmScientists synthesize first genetically evolved semiconductor materialhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120613133341.htm In the not-too-distant future, scientists may be able to use DNA to grow their own specialized materials, thanks to the concept of directed evolution. Scientists have, for the first time, used genetic engineering and molecular evolution to develop the enzymatic synthesis of a semiconductor.Wed, 13 Jun 2012 13:33:33 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120613133341.htmNew energy source for future medical implants: Sugarhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120613133150.htm An implantable fuel cell could power neural prosthetics that help patients regain control of limbs. Engineers have developed a fuel cell that runs on the same sugar that powers human cells: glucose. This glucose fuel cell could be used to drive highly efficient brain implants of the future, which could help paralyzed patients move their arms and legs again.Wed, 13 Jun 2012 13:31:31 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120613133150.htmLittle mighty creature of the ocean inspires strong new material for medical implants and armourhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120613102130.htm A scientist may be onto an ocean of discovery because of his research into a little sea creature called the mantis shrimp. The research is likely to lead to making ceramics -- today's preferred material for medical implants and military body armour -- many times stronger. The mantis shrimp's can shatter aquarium glass and crab shells alike.Wed, 13 Jun 2012 10:21:21 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120613102130.htmProtein residues kiss, don't tell: Genomes reveal contacts, scientists refine methods for protein-folding predictionhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120612145139.htm Researchers have created a computational tool to help predict how proteins fold by finding amino acid pairs that are distant in sequence but change together. Protein interactions offer clues to the treatment of disease, including cancer.Tue, 12 Jun 2012 14:51:51 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120612145139.htmPotential carbon capture role for new CO2-absorbing materialhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120612101458.htm A novel porous material that has unique carbon dioxide retention properties has just been developed.Tue, 12 Jun 2012 10:14:14 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120612101458.htmWorkings behind promising inexpensive catalyst revealedhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120611193636.htm A newly developed carbon nanotube material could help lower the cost of fuel cells, catalytic converters and similar energy-related technologies by delivering a substitute for expensive platinum catalysts.Mon, 11 Jun 2012 19:36:36 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120611193636.htmNanoparticles in polluted air, smoke & nanotechnology products have serious impact on healthhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120611105311.htm New groundbreaking research has found that exposure to nanoparticles can have a serious impact on health, linking it to rheumatoid arthritis and the development of other serious autoimmune diseases. The findings have health and safety implications for the manufacture, use and ultimate disposal of nanotechnology products and materials. They also identified new cellular targets for the development of potential drug therapies in combating the development of autoimmune diseases.Mon, 11 Jun 2012 10:53:53 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120611105311.htmA SMART(er) way to track influenzahttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120611092345.htm Researchers have created a reliable and fast flu-detection test that can be carried in a first-aid kit. The novel prototype device isolates influenza RNA using a combination of magnetics and microfluidics, then amplifies and detects probes bound to the RNA. The technology could lead to real-time tracking of influenza.Mon, 11 Jun 2012 09:23:23 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120611092345.htmResearchers watch tiny living machines self-assemblehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120610151304.htm Enabling bioengineers to design new molecular machines for nanotechnology applications is one of the possible outcomes of a new study. Scientists have developed a new approach to visualize how proteins assemble, which may also significantly aid our understanding of diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, which are caused by errors in assembly.Sun, 10 Jun 2012 15:13:13 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120610151304.htmPhotosynthesis: A new way of looking at photosystem IIhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120606155808.htm Using ultrafast, intensely bright pulses of X-rays scientists have obtained the first ever images at room temperature of photosystem II, a protein complex critical for photosynthesis and future artificial photosynthetic systems.Wed, 06 Jun 2012 15:58:58 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120606155808.htm1 million billion billion billion billion billion billion: Number of undiscovered drugshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120606132316.htm A new voyage into "chemical space" ? occupied not by stars and planets but substances that could become useful in everyday life ? has concluded that scientists have synthesized barely one tenth of one percent of potential medicines. The report estimates that the actual number of these so-called "small molecules" could be one novemdecillion (that's one with 60 zeroes), more than some estimates of the number of stars in the universe.Wed, 06 Jun 2012 13:23:23 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120606132316.htmHalogen bonding helps design new drugshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121639.htm Halogens particularly chlorine, bromine, and iodine ? have a unique quality which allows them to positively influence the interaction between molecules. This ?halogen bonding? has been employed in the area of materials science for some time, but is only now finding applications in the life sciences.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 12:16:16 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121639.htmFaster, more sensitive photodetector created by tricking graphenehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102842.htm Researchers have developed a highly sensitive detector of infrared light that can be used in applications ranging from detection of chemical and biochemical weapons from a distance and better airport body scanners to chemical analysis in the laboratory and studying the structure of the universe through new telescopes.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 10:28:28 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102842.htmFilming life in the fast lanehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604092858.htm A new microscope enabled scientists to film a fruit fly embryo, in 3D, from when it was about two-and-a-half hours old until it walked away from the microscope as a larva.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 09:28:28 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604092858.htmExpanding the genetic alphabet may be easier than previously thoughthttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120603191722.htm A new study suggests that the replication process for DNA -- the genetic instructions for living organisms that is composed of four bases (C, G, A and T) -- is more open to unnatural letters than had previously been thought. An expanded "DNA alphabet" could carry more information than natural DNA, potentially coding for a much wider range of molecules and enabling a variety of powerful applications, from precise molecular probes and nanomachines to useful new life forms.Sun, 03 Jun 2012 19:17:17 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120603191722.htmNanotechnology breakthrough could dramatically improve medical testshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531165752.htm A laboratory test used to detect disease and perform biological research could be made more than 3 million times more sensitive, according to researchers who combined standard biological tools with a breakthrough in nanotechnology.Thu, 31 May 2012 16:57:57 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531165752.htmX-ray laser probes biomolecules to individual atomshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531145728.htm Scientists have demonstrated how the world's most powerful X-ray laser can assist in cracking the structures of biomolecules, and in the processes helped to pioneer critical new investigative avenues in biology.Thu, 31 May 2012 14:57:57 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531145728.htmBuilding molecular 'cages' to fight diseasehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531145720.htm Biochemists have designed specialized proteins that assemble themselves to form tiny molecular cages hundreds of times smaller than a single cell. The creation of these miniature structures may be the first step toward developing new methods of drug delivery or even designing artificial vaccines.Thu, 31 May 2012 14:57:57 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531145720.htmFree-electron lasers reveal detailed architecture of proteinshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531145630.htm Ultrashort flashes of X-radiation allow atomic structures of macromolecules to be obtained even from tiny protein crystals.Thu, 31 May 2012 14:56:56 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531145630.htmRewriting DNA to understand what it sayshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531102207.htm Our ability to "read" DNA has made tremendous progress in the past few decades, but the ability to understand and alter the genetic code, that is, to "rewrite" the DNA-encoded instructions, has lagged behind. A new study advances our understanding of the genetic code: It proposes a way of effectively introducing numerous carefully planned DNA segments into genomes of living cells and of testing the effects of these changes. New technology speeds up DNA "rewriting" and measures the effects of the changes in living cells.Thu, 31 May 2012 10:22:22 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531102207.htmNanodevice manufacturing strategy using DNA 'Building blocks'http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120530152203.htm Researchers have developed a method for building complex nanostructures out of interlocking DNA "building blocks" that can be programmed to assemble themselves into precisely designed shapes. With further development, the technology could one day enable the creation of new nanoscale devices that deliver drugs directly to disease sites.Wed, 30 May 2012 15:22:22 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120530152203.htmBioChip may make diagnosis of leukemia and HIV faster, cheaperhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120530104034.htm Inexpensive, portable devices that can rapidly screen cells for leukemia or HIV may soon be possible thanks to a chip that can produce three-dimensional focusing of a stream of cells, according to researchers.Wed, 30 May 2012 10:40:40 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120530104034.htmCellular computers? Scientists train cells to perform boolean functionshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120530100041.htm Scientists have engineered cells that behave like AND and OR Boolean logic gates, producing an output based on one or more unique inputs. This feat could eventually help researchers create computers that use cells as tiny circuits.Wed, 30 May 2012 10:00:00 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120530100041.htmIon-based electronic chip to control muscles: Entirely new circuit technology based on ions and moleculeshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120529113543.htm An integrated chemical chip has just been developed. An advantage of chemical circuits is that the charge carrier consists of chemical substances with various functions. This means that we now have new opportunities to control and regulate the signal paths of cells in the human body. The chemical chip can control the delivery of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. This enables chemical control of muscles, which are activated when they come into contact with acetylcholine.Tue, 29 May 2012 11:35:35 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120529113543.htmMethod for building artificial tissue devisedhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120528154859.htm Physicists have developed a method that models biological cell-to-cell adhesion that could also have industrial applications.Mon, 28 May 2012 15:48:48 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120528154859.htmSmallest possible five-ringed structure made: 'Olympicene' molecule built using clever synthetic organic chemistryhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120528100253.htm Scientists have created and imaged the smallest possible five-ringed structure -- about 100,000 times thinner than a human hair. Dubbed 'olympicene', the single molecule was brought to life in a picture thanks to a combination of clever synthetic chemistry and state-of-the-art imaging techniques.Mon, 28 May 2012 10:02:02 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120528100253.htm'Unzipped' carbon nanotubes could help energize fuel cells and batterieshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120527153818.htm Multi-walled carbon nanotubes riddled with defects and impurities on the outside could replace some of the expensive platinum catalysts used in fuel cells and metal-air batteries, according to scientists.Sun, 27 May 2012 15:38:38 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120527153818.htmSuper-sensitive tests could detect diseases earlierhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120527153718.htm Scientists have developed an ultra-sensitive test that should enable them to detect signs of a disease in its earliest stages.Sun, 27 May 2012 15:37:37 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120527153718.htmCell?s transport pods look like a molecular version of robots from Transformershttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120525103614.htm Images of the cell's transport pods have revealed a molecular version of the robots from Transformers. Previously, scientists had been able to create and determine the structure of 'cages' formed by parts of the protein coats that encase other types of vesicles, but this study was the first to obtain high-resolution images of complete vesicles, budded from a membrane.Fri, 25 May 2012 10:36:36 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120525103614.htmDiscarded data may hold the key to a sharper view of moleculeshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524143527.htm There's nothing like a new pair of eyeglasses to bring fine details into sharp relief. For scientists who study the large molecules of life from proteins to DNA, the equivalent of new lenses have come in the form of an advanced method for analyzing data from X-ray crystallography experiments.Thu, 24 May 2012 14:35:35 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524143527.htmNewly modified nanoparticle opens window on future gene editing technologieshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524123232.htm Researchers are using nanoparticles to simultaneously deliver proteins and DNA into plant cells. The technology could allow more sophisticated and targeted editing of plant genomes. And that could help researchers develop crops that adapt to changing climates and resist pests.Thu, 24 May 2012 12:32:32 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524123232.htmUnusual quantum effect discovered in earliest stages of photosynthesishttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524092932.htm Quantum physics and plant biology seem like two branches of science that could not be more different, but surprisingly they may in fact be intimately tied. Scientists have discovered an unusual quantum effect in the earliest stages of photosynthesis.Thu, 24 May 2012 09:29:29 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524092932.htmBig step toward quantum computing: Efficient and tunable interface for quantum networkshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120523135527.htm Quantum computers may someday revolutionize the information world. But in order for quantum computers at distant locations to communicate with one another, they have to be linked together in a network. While several building blocks for a quantum computer have already been successfully tested in the laboratory, a network requires one additonal component: A reliable interface between computers and information channels. Austrian physicists now report the construction of an efficient and tunable interface for quantum networks.Wed, 23 May 2012 13:55:55 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120523135527.htmRapid DNA sequencing may soon be routine part of each patient's medical recordhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120522152655.htm Rapid DNA sequencing may soon become a routine part of each individual's medical record, providing enormous information previously sequestered in the human genome's 3 billion nucleotide bases. Recent advances in sequencing technology using a tiny orifice known as a nanopore are covered in a new a article.Tue, 22 May 2012 15:26:26 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120522152655.htmMethod to strengthen proteins with polymershttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120521164104.htm Scientists have synthesized polymers to attach to proteins in order to stabilize them during shipping, storage and other activities. The study findings suggest that these polymers could be useful in stabilizing protein formulations.Mon, 21 May 2012 16:41:41 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120521164104.htmTotally RAD: Bioengineers create rewritable digital data storage in DNAhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120521163751.htm Scientists have devised a method for repeatedly encoding, storing and erasing digital data within the DNA of living cells. In practical terms, they have devised the genetic equivalent of a binary digit -- a "bit" in data parlance.Mon, 21 May 2012 16:37:37 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120521163751.htmDon't like blood tests? New microscope uses rainbow of light to image the flow of individual blood cellshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120521115654.htm Blood tests convey vital medical information, but the sight of a needle often causes anxiety and results take time. A new device however, can reveal much the same information as a traditional blood test in real-time, simply by shining a light through the skin. This portable optical instrument is able to provide high-resolution images of blood coursing through veins without the need for harsh fluorescent dyes.Mon, 21 May 2012 11:56:56 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120521115654.htmZooming in on bacterial weapons in 3-D: Structure of bacterial injection needles deciphered at atomic resolutionhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120521103808.htm The plague, bacterial dysentery, and cholera have one thing in common: These dangerous diseases are caused by bacteria which infect their host using a sophisticated injection apparatus. Through needle-like structures, they release molecular agents into their host cell, thereby evading the immune response. Researchers have now elucidated the structure of such a needle at atomic resolution. Their findings might contribute to drug tailoring and the development of strategies which specifically prevent the infection process.Mon, 21 May 2012 10:38:38 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120521103808.htmEngineers use droplet microfluidics to create glucose-sensing microbeadshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120518132657.htm Tiny beads may act as minimally invasive glucose sensors for a variety of applications in cell culture systems and tissue engineering.Fri, 18 May 2012 13:26:26 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120518132657.htmChemists merge experimentation with theory in understanding of water moleculehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120518081147.htm Using newly developed imaging technology, chemists have confirmed years of theoretical assumptions about water molecules, the most abundant and one of the most frequently studied substances on Earth.Fri, 18 May 2012 08:11:11 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120518081147.htmDiamond used to produce graphene quantum dots and nano-ribbons of controlled structurehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120517193141.htm Researchers have come closer to solving an old challenge of producing graphene quantum dots of controlled shape and size at large densities, which could revolutionize electronics and optoelectronics.Thu, 17 May 2012 19:31:31 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120517193141.htmIn chemical reactions, water adds speed without heathttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120517143506.htm Scientists have discovered how adding trace amounts of water can tremendously speed up chemical reactions -? such as hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis ?- in which hydrogen is one of the reactants, or starting materials.Thu, 17 May 2012 14:35:35 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120517143506.htmPlant protein discovery could boost bioeconomyhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120514104848.htm Three proteins have been found to be involved in the accumulation of fatty acids in plants. The discovery could help plant scientists boost seed oil production in crops. And that could boost the production of biorenewable fuels and chemicals.Mon, 14 May 2012 10:48:48 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120514104848.htmPhotonics: New approach to generating terahertz radiation will lead to new imaging and sensing applicationshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120510095622.htm A new approach to generating terahertz radiation will lead to new imaging and sensing applications. The low energy of the radiation means that it can pass through materials that are otherwise opaque, opening up uses in imaging and sensing ? for example, in new security scanners. In practice, however, applications have been difficult to implement.Thu, 10 May 2012 09:56:56 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120510095622.htmIt's a trap: New lab technique captures microRNA targetshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120509135959.htm To better understand how microRNAs -- small pieces of genetic material -- influence human health and disease, scientists first need to know which microRNAs act upon which genes. To do this scientists developed miR-TRAP, a new easy-to-use method to directly identify microRNA targets in cells.Wed, 09 May 2012 13:59:59 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120509135959.htmQuantum dots brighten the future of lightinghttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120508173349.htm Researchers have boosted the efficiency of a novel source of white light called quantum dots more than tenfold, making them of potential interest for commercial applications.Tue, 08 May 2012 17:33:33 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120508173349.htmMolecular container gives drug dropouts a second chancehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120508152129.htm Chemists have designed a molecular container that can hold drug molecules and increase their solubility, in one case up to nearly 3,000 times.Tue, 08 May 2012 15:21:21 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120508152129.htmUltrasound idea: Prototype bioreactor evaluates engineered tissue while creating ithttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120503194229.htm Researchers have developed a prototype bioreactor that both stimulates and evaluates tissue as it grows, mimicking natural processes while eliminating the need to stop periodically to cut up samples for analysis.Thu, 03 May 2012 19:42:42 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120503194229.htmNew technique generates predictable complex, wavy shapes: May explain brain folds and be useful for drug deliveryhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120503120130.htm A new technique predictably generates complex, wavy shapes and may help improve drug delivery and explain natural patterns from brain folds to bell peppers.Thu, 03 May 2012 12:01:01 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120503120130.htmAt smallest scale, liquid crystal behavior portends new materialshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120502132953.htm Liquid crystals, the state of matter that makes possible the flat screen technology now commonly used in televisions and computers, may have some new technological tricks in store.Wed, 02 May 2012 13:29:29 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120502132953.htmElectronic nanotube nose out in fronthttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120502112910.htm A new nanotube super sensor is able to detect subtle differences with a single sniff. For example, the chemical dimethylsulfone is associated with skin cancer. The human nose cannot detect this volatile but it could be detected with the new sensor at concentrations as low as 25 parts per billion.Wed, 02 May 2012 11:29:29 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120502112910.htmBiomimetic polymer synthesis enhances structure controlhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120502091839.htm A new biomimetic approach to synthesising polymers will offer unprecedented control over the final polymer structure and yield advances in nanomedicine, researchers say.Wed, 02 May 2012 09:18:18 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120502091839.htmHigh-powered microscopes reveal inner workings of sex cellshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120501085502.htm Scientists using high-powered microscopes have made a stunning observation of the architecture within a cell ? and identified for the first time how the architecture changes during the formation of gametes, also known as sex cells, in order to successfully complete? the process.Tue, 01 May 2012 08:55:55 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120501085502.htmHigh-strength silk scaffolds improve bone repairhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/04/120430151752.htm Biomedical engineers have demonstrated the first all-polymeric bone scaffold that is fully biodegradable and offers significant mechanical support during repair. The technique uses silk fibers to reinforce a silk matrix. Adding microfibers to the scaffolds enhances bone formation and mechanical properties. It could improve repair after accident or disease.Mon, 30 Apr 2012 15:17:17 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/04/120430151752.htmMolecular spectroscopy tracks living mammalian cells in real time as they differentiatehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/04/120430114937.htm Cells regulate their functions by adding or subtracting phosphates from proteins. If scientists could study the process in detail, in individual cells over time, understanding and treating diseases would be greatly aided. Formerly this was impossible without damaging the cells or interfering with the process itself, but scientists have now achieved the goal by using bright infrared beams and a technique called Fourier transform spectromicroscopy.Mon, 30 Apr 2012 11:49:49 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/04/120430114937.htmElectric charge disorder: A key to biological order?http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/04/120430105356.htm Researchers have shown how small random patches of disordered, frozen electric charges can make a difference when they are scattered on surfaces that are overall neutral. These charges induce a twisting force that is strong enough to be felt as far as nanometers or even micrometers away. These results could help scientists to understand phenomena that occur on surfaces such as those of large biological molecules.Mon, 30 Apr 2012 10:53:53 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/04/120430105356.htmBejeweled: Nanotech gets boost from nanowire decorationshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/04/120427100113.htm Engineers have found a novel method for "decorating" nanowires with chains of tiny particles to increase their electrical and catalytic performance. The new technique is simpler, faster and more effective than earlier methods and could lead to better batteries, solar cells and catalysts.Fri, 27 Apr 2012 10:01:01 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/04/120427100113.htm

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